Use and features of stainless steel

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Stainless steel is classified into austenitic stainless steel, ferritic stainless steel, duplex stainless steel, martensitic stainless steel and precipitation hardening stainless steel according to its structure.

First, austenitic stainless steel

Austenitic stainless steel is the most important type of stainless steel, and its output and dosage account for 70% of the total stainless steel. According to the alloying method, austenitic stainless steel can be divided into two categories: chrome-nickel steel and iron-chromium-manganese steel. The former uses nickel as the austenitizing element and is the main body of austenitic steel; the latter replaces the expensive nickel-nickel steel with manganese and nitrogen.

Generally speaking, austenitic steel has good corrosion resistance, good comprehensive mechanical properties and process properties, but low strength and hardness.

Second, ferritic stainless steel

Ferritic stainless steel contains 11%-30% chromium, which is basically free of nickel. It is a nickel-nickel steel. In the state of use, the structure is mainly ferrite.

Ferritic stainless steel has higher strength, lower cold work hardening tendency, good resistance to chloride stress corrosion, pitting corrosion, crevice corrosion and other local corrosion performance, but is sensitive to intergranular corrosion and poor in low temperature toughness.

Three, duplex stainless steel

It is considered that austenite + ferritic duplex stainless steel can be referred to as having more than 15% of ferrite on the austenite matrix or 15% or more of austenite on the ferrite matrix.

Duplex stainless steel combines the advantages of austenitic steel and ferritic steel.

Fourth, martensitic stainless steel

Martensitic stainless steel is a type of steel that can be adjusted by heat treatment to have high strength and hardness.

Five, precipitation hardening stainless steel

The precipitation hardening type stainless steel is a steel which precipitates carbides in steel by heat treatment means to achieve strength improvement.